Figure from Can metro-style schematic maps induce micromobility ridership? A Bayesian latent class ordered logistic analysis
Can metro-style schematic maps induce micromobility ridership? A Bayesian latent class ordered logistic analysis

Mohammed Abdalazeem, Andrew Ruger, Eleni Christofa, Jimi Oke 2026. Data Science for Transportation.

Abstract

Bicycling and other micromobility modes offer sustainable alternatives to automobile travel, yet riders often lack readable route information. Schematic micromobility maps (SMMs) apply metro-style abstraction to micromobility networks to improve legibility, but little is known about what riders want from such maps or whether access to them is associated with greater willingness to use these modes. We define schematic micromobility map inducement (SMMI) as a rider’s stated increase in likelihood of using a bike, e-bike, or e-scooter when an SMM is available. Using survey data from 612 respondents, we estimate a Bayesian latent class ordered logistic model that identifies unobserved rider types and their type-specific associations with SMMI. Respondents preferred maps that were schematic and simple yet geographically legible, and reported higher SMMI when visiting an unfamiliar area than in their local context, pointing to visitor-oriented locations as priority contexts. The model recovers four rider types, Regular Commuters, Fair-Weather Recreationists, Cautious Navigators, and Regular Leisure Riders. Predicted SMMI was highest among commute-oriented and condition-sensitive riders and lowest among Regular Leisure Riders, whose travel depends least on map-based navigation. Cautious Navigators, the type reporting the strongest stated demand for map information, showed only a moderate predicted response that was estimated with the greatest uncertainty, indicating that map access alone may be insufficient when safety and traffic exposure are the primary barriers. Schematic preference was positively associated with higher SMMI across all rider types, but the relative importance of simplicity and geographic accuracy varied by type. SMMs appear most effective as a complement to infrastructure investment, targeted to settings where route uncertainty is the binding constraint on travel decisions.